Laser for Open Angle Glaucoma

Open angle glaucoma (OAG) treatment concentrates on lowering the pressure inside the eye to prevent damage to the optic nerve.  The most common treatments for glaucoma have been the use of medications in the form of eye drops or pills, and laser treatments. 

With traditional argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT), tiny evenly spaced burns are made in the trabecular meshwork with an argon laser.  These burns facilitate the drainage of aqueous humor.

Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is another type of laser treatment to manage patients with open-angle glaucoma.  SLT selectively stimulates or changes only specific pigmented cells to activate increase fluid drainage.  Both SLT and ALT produce equivalent drops in intraocular pressure (IOP).

ALT and SLT is usually performed in the office and only takes about 15-20 minutes.  Prior to the procedure, eye drops will be given to prepare the eye for treatment.  The laser applications are made through a special microscope, similar to the one used for eye examinations.  About 2 hours of office time should be planned so the IOP can be checked after the eye is treated.

The IOP can drop significantly in as quickly as a day or more of having the procedure.  However, it can take up to several weeks to see a drop in some individuals.  The doctor may treat the eye with anti-inflammatory eye drops that will be continued for 4 to 7 days after the procedure.  Most patients will have to return for follow-up visits to re-check the treated eye.

Unlike some glaucoma medications, there are no incidences of allergy or systemic side effects with SLT and ALT.  Complications are minimal but may include inflammation, temporary increase in IOP, conjunctivitis, or eye pain.